"Why the mirror lies: Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder see their own faces differently "

Conversely, according to Leonardo da Vinci from his notebook writings, the opposite can be true. That is, that one's notion of facial beauty may be unduly influenced by narcissism. However, Hieronymous Bosch appears to have had a variation of this problem. He has been reported to have uttered that he only let his children out at night because they were so ugly.